（人教版+朗文）初三英语同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 4 Travel （Lesson 13-16）
一. 本周教学内容
I. 词汇
headmaster, mount, expect, province, enjoyable, rush, rail,
railway, lively, comfortable, scenery, offer, magazine,
moving, click, own, least
II. 词组和习惯用法
as soon as possible 尽快 all kinds of 各种各样
keep doing sth. 一直做… fall / fast asleep （很快）入睡
wake up 醒来 hurry up 赶快
right now 现在
III. 日常交际
1. That’s very kind of you.
2. I hope to see him as soon as possible.
3. Which is more popular, traveling by air or by train.
4. What a pity!
5. How exciting!
6. I’ve never seen such a beautiful mountain in my life.
7. Hurry up! Or we’ll be late.
8. What do you think is the fast way to travel?
VI. 语法
宾语从句要点分析
在复合句中，作及物动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语的句子称为宾语从句。同学们在本单元学习连词that引导的宾语从句时，应注意以下要点：
1. 在连词that引导的宾语从句中，that本身无意义，不是句子的任何成分。在口语和非正式文体中常被省略。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。如：
She says （that） she will leave a message on the headmaster’s desk.
她说她将在校长的桌子放个留言条。
I hope （that） you’ll have a good holiday.
希望你（们）假日愉快。
2. 后面常接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：think, hope, say, tell, know, see, hear, mean, agree, fell等。如：
I see （that） you come here on foot today.
我看你今天是步行来的。
I hear （that） one of the pandas has a baby.
我听说有只熊猫生了个小熊猫。
注：1）有时宾语从句和主语的谓语之间可插入一个间接宾语或状语。如：
Please tell Mr. Hu that I’m working hard on my Chinese.
请告诉胡老师我在努力学习汉语。
You can see from my photo that I have a big smile and long black hair.
你可以从我的照片中看到我的笑容和黑长发。
2）think等表示看法的动词后面接宾语从句时，若宾语从句的谓语为否定形式，要将否定词not转移到主句，这种现象称为“否定移位”。如：
I don’t think any of the programmes is interesting.
我认为这些节目没有一个有趣。
I don’t think chickens can swim. 我认为鸡不会游泳。
3. 后面常接宾语从句的形容词有：sure, glad, pleased, happy, afraid等。如：
I’m sure he would love to come to your birthday party.
我相信他会很乐意参加你的生日聚会。
We are both very happy that we are twins.
我们俩都为我们是双胞胎而感到高兴。
4. 宾语从句的时态：
主句的动词如果是现在时态，宾语从句中动词可以根据实际情况用不同的时态。
I think I’ve lost my key．我想我已把钥匙丢了。
I see you are on foot today．我看见你今天是步行来的。
He says Jim will come back soon．他说吉姆很快会回来的。
I’m glad she didn’t hurt herself．我很高兴她没有伤着自己。
主句的动词是一般过去时态，宾语从句的动词必须使用过去相应的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）。下面分类讲述。
（1）主句中谓语动词的动作是过去发生，且宾语从句中的谓语动词的动作与它同时发生，从句的谓语动词要用一般过去时或过去进行时。
He said that he had a very good journey home．
他说他们回家旅途愉快。
He said he was working hard on his Chinese．
他说他在继续努力学习中文。
（2）主句中谓语动词的动作是过去发生，且宾语从句中的谓语动词的动作发生在它之后，从句的谓语动词要用过去将来时；如宾语从句中的谓语动词的动作发生在它之前，用过去完成时。
He said he would have to give presents to all the family, but he hadn't chosen any yet．
他说他要给家里所有的人送礼物，送礼物是说话之后要发生的事，但他还什么都没有买呢（指说话前没做的事情）。
注：过去将来时和过去完成时以后还要学，在这儿只要求了解。
（3）如果宾语从句表示客观真理，即使主句中用了过去时，从句的谓语仍要用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that the sun is the nearest star to us of all.
老师说太阳是离我们最近的恒星。
（4）Could you tell me… ?是表示“请求”的委婉句型，并不表示过去时，所以其后的宾语从句的时态可根据需要用任何时态。
Could you tell me what time the plane leaves?
你能告诉我飞机什么时候起飞吗？
V. 重点难点
关于打电话的一些专用语：
（1）开始打电话时
Hello, could I/may I speak to Carter Bronte?
您好，我可以和卡特布朗特讲话吗？
Hello, is Mr. Parley in?
您好，派雷先生在吗？
Hello, this is John here （speaking）. Who’s that （speaking）?
您好，我是约翰，您是哪一位？
（2）接电话时
Hold on for a moment, please.
请稍等。
He is on another phone.
他正在接听另一个电话。
May I ask who is calling?
请问是谁？
Is that John （speaking） ?
你是约翰吗？
Sorry, but he is not here at this moment.
对不起，他不在。
The line is bad, please speak a little louder．
线路不好，请说得大声点。
Someone wants you on the phone.
您的电话。
（3）留口信、结束通话时
Could I take a message for you?
我替您留个口信好吗？
Do you want to leave a message?
您想留个口信吗？
He is not in right now. Would you call back?
他不在，你（一会儿）再打过来好吗？
I’ll hang up now, bye!
我挂了，再见！
1. I hope to see him as soon as possible.
as…as possible是一个固定词组，与as … as I can/ could同义。soon为副词，可将soon换为别的副词或形容词，作“尽可能……地（的）”解。如：
as soon as possible 尽可能早
as quick as possible 尽可能快
as often as possible 尽量经常
as friendly as possible尽量友好
You’d better leave here as soon as possible.
你最好尽早离开这里。
Try to be as friendly to your classmates as possible.
对同学要尽可能友好。
You should go home to see your sick mother as often as possible.
你应当尽可能多回去看你病中的母亲。
Get up as early as possible tomorrow == Get up as early as you can tomorrow．
明天清晨尽早起床。
Will you please say it as clearly as possible? = Will you please say it as clearly as you can？
请你能尽可能说得清楚些吗？
Do it as quickly as possible = Do it as quickly as you can．尽快去做吧。
需要注意的是as soon as possible指时间的迟早；而as quickly as possible则表示动作的快慢。
2. I’ll leave a message on his desk. 我将在他的桌子上留言。
（1）leave a message. “留言；留话”，类似的还有：
give sb a message 给某人带个口信；
take message带个口信，带个话；
send a message to sb 发信息给某人
（2）leave 的用法归纳
1）离开；出发。词组有：leave…for… 离开…去…；leave for 动身去…，
When will you leave Beijing?
你们什么时候离开北京?
We are leaving Beijing for Shanghai.
我们将离开北京去上海。
（leave此句中是及物动词）
When are you leaving for London?
什么时候你将动身去伦敦？
（leave此句中是不及物动词）
2）留下；丢下；遗忘。常用结构：leave+宾语+介词短语，
I left my bag in your home.
我把我的书包忘在你们家了。
3）过去分词left 用在名词后作宾语，意为“剩下”，
Don’t worry, there is some time left.
不要着急，还剩一点时间。
4）leave还可表示“让……处于……状态”
Will you leave the door open?
请把门敞开好吗？
3. I’m free every day except today. 除了今天我每天都有空。
在英语中，besides，but和 except作为介词，都有“除……之外”的意思。besides是“除……之外，还有……”，是肯定的；而except和but是“除……之外，没有……”是否定的。在否定句中，besides可以和 except，but同义。与but相比，except所含“除外”的意味更明确，语气也更强烈。
（1）All came back besides Kate．
除了凯特已回来，其他所有人也回来了。
（2）All came back except/ but Kate．
除了凯特，全都回来了。（意思是凯特还没有回来）
（3）I don't want anything but / except this．
除了这个，我什么都不要。
（4）We go to school everyday except Sunday．
除了星期天，我们每天都上学。
4. 电话记录卡的写法
书写电话记录卡是我们日常生活、办公、学习中常常碰到的事。接个电话，要找的人不在，需要对方留言，我们要学会怎样写这种“电话留条”。下面我们看一个例子：
有时候，如果电话内容重要，还要将接电话，写留言记录条的人姓名写上去。
5. It is much cheaper and far more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air．
句中的much和far是用在比较级前表示程度的。类似的还有：a little，still，a lot，even等。例如：
（l）This text is a little more difficult than that one．
这篇课文比那篇稍难一点。
（2）I’m feeling even worse today．
我今天觉得更不舒服。
（3）I’ve made a lot more mistakes than you have．
我犯的错比你犯的多多了。
6. It takes about ten minutes.
大约花了十分钟时间。
“花费某人多长时间做某事”通常使用 It takes／took sb．some time to do sth．型。
It took me three hours to finish my work．
完成工作花了我三个小时的时间。
It usually takes me half an hour to do morning exercises．
早锻炼通常花我半个小时时间。
7. They kept watching the beautiful scenery out of the window.
The conductor kept coming go offer them hot water and selling them magazines.
此两句中共同用到keep doing，keep作为动词有许多用法：
1）保持；保存；保留；保护；保守（秘密）
Will you keep this seat for me?
替我保留这个座位好吗？
Does your watch keep good time?
你的表走得准吗？
Who holds the position to keep goal? Who’s the goal keeper?
谁守球门呀？谁是守门员呀？
2）使人（物）保持在（某一状态）
We should keep the motherland in mind and the whole world in view．
我们应该胸怀祖国，放眼世界。
We’ll keep you informed．
我们将随时让你知道情况。
Sorry to have kept you waiting．
对不起，让你久等了。
3）履行（诺言），遵守（惯例）等
The Chinese people always keep their word．
中国人民说话是算数的。
She keeps regular hours．
她生活作息很有规律。
4）（按民间习俗）过（节或生日等），庆祝
How do you keep Spring Festival by yourself?
你一个人怎么过春节？
To keep the Sabbath is a kind of habit of Europeans．
欧洲人的一种习惯是守安息日。
5）留，停留
The old man kept his bed for 15 years．
这老人卧床不起已有15年了。
The girl keeps the house．
这女孩足不出户。
有关keep的词组：
keep away 站开，使离开 keep back 后退
keep from 阻止 keep down 镇压，控制
keep off 让开，不接近 keep out 靠外，免入
keep under 压制，控制 keep up with 跟上，赶上.
8. trip与journey的区别
这两个单词的含义大致相同，表示“旅游；旅行”等，都可以表示“从一处到另一处旅行”。但在不同的语境，它们的用法稍有差异：
journey可指经常走过、旅行过的范围，它一般用于长距离的，其“旅行”方式不论海、陆、空交通皆可以。例如：
Did you have a good journey?
你一路上顺利吗？
They went on a long train journey．
他们乘火车出远门了。
It's more than 27 hours journey by air from Beijing to London．
从北京飞往伦敦需要27个小时以上。
而trip是指短途旅行和观光，从某地出发再回到某地。例如：
This is my trip to the seaside.
这是我的海滨之行。
Their honeymoon trip to Venice is exciting.
他们前往威尼斯的蜜月旅行令人兴奋不已。
trip严格的意义上来说，它的“旅行”的目的是公差或娱乐性的。
另外，它们的另一个同义词是travel，当travel作名词时，它的“旅行”含义是“出国旅行”。它不能与不定冠词连用，例如： a travel。如果要表示“一次”，我们可以说：“a trip”，“a journey”。
Travel is much cheaper than it used to be．
现在旅行比过去便宜多了。
注意：travels则表示“游记；国外游记”。例如：
I am writing an account of my travels about America．
我正在写一部美国游记。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：80分钟）
I. 用适当的介词或副词填空
1. I can answer all the questions _______ the last one. It’s too difficult.
2. He was so tired that he soon felt ______ asleep.
3. How long have you been ______ this place?
4. Luckily, there was a hospital ______. The man was quickly taken there and was saved.
5. If you miss your lessons, you’ll be _____ ______ your classroom.
6. “What do you want so much money_______?” mother asked.
7. ______ the money he paid for the library book.
8. The light in the room isn’t light ______ for him to work.
II．选择填空
1. Everyone went to plant trees ______ Wang Lin. She was ill.
A. with B. after C. except D. beside
2. He ______ for her mother ______ she came back.
A. didn’t wait B. waited, until C. didn’t wait, before D. waited, after
3. My ruler _____. Have you seen it?
A. was missed B. is lost C. is missing D. was lost
4. The light in his office is on. He ______ in.
A. may be B. maybe C. can be D. must be
5. Study hard, ______ you’ll fail the exam.
A. and B. but C. or D. yet
6. They kept watching the beautiful scenery ______ the window on the train.
A. from B. on to C. far off D. out of
7. It seems ______ years since I last saw you.
A. as B. like C. until D. of
8. I want to see your headtheacher ______ possible.
A. as fast as B. quick as C. as soon as D. as early as
9. Everyone here can say this in English except ______.
A. Jim and I B. I and Jim C. me and Jim D. Jim and me
10. Mother looked ______, because Lily ______ her English exam.
A. unhappily, lost B. worried, failed
C. happy, won D. please, passed
11. I don’t think three years ______ a long time.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
12. Do you mind if ask you a question? ________.
A. You’re welcome B. Not at all
C. With pleasure D. Glad to help
o. May I speak to Zhang Jun?
Sorry he’s out._______? No. Thank you.
A. Can I leave a message B. When will you call him back
C. What’s the matter D. Can I take the message for him
14. We found ______ a hardworking student.
A. she’s B. she C. hers D. him
15. I ______ music for a long time.
A. am interested in B. have become interested in
C. have been interested in D. became interested in
16. It’s raining heavily. Who’s ______ my raincoat?
A. brought B. got C. taken D. carried
17. Lin Tao said that they ______ to travel by plane last year.
A. go B. gone C. went D. will go
III. 阅读理解
A． 阅读短文选择正确答案
It was Monday. Mrs. Smith's dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house.
Considering that there was no better way. Mrs. Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it: “Give my dog half a pound of meat.” Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently: “Take this to the butcher （*person whose job is selling meat）. And he's going to give you your lunch today.”
Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog ran to the butcher's. It gave the paper to the butcher. The butcher read it carefully, recognized that it was really the lady's handwriting and soon did it as he was asked to. The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up at once.
At noon, the dog came to the shop again. It gave the butcher a piece of paper again. After reading it. He gave it half a pound of meat once more.
The next day, the dog came again exactly at noon. And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in the mouth. This time, the butcher did not take a look at paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had regarded the dog as one of his customers （*people who buy sth. from a shop）.
But the dog came again at four o'clock. And the same thing happened once again. To the butcher's more surprise, it came for the third time at six o'clock, and brought with it a third piece of paper. The butcher felt a bit puzzled. He said to himself, “This is a small dog. Why does Mrs. Smith give it so much meat to eat today?”
Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it!
1. Mrs. Smith treated her little dog quite_________.
A. cruelly B. fairly C. kindly D. friendly
2. It seemed that the dog knew well that the paper Mrs. Smith gave it_______.
A. might do it much harm
B. could do it much good
C. would help the butcher
D. was worth many pounds
butcher did not give any meat to the dog __________.
A. before he felt sure that the words were really written by Mrs. Smith
B. when he found that the words on the paper were not clear
C. because he had sold out all the meat in his shop
D. until he was paid enough by Mrs. Smith
4. From its experience, the dog found that ________.
A. only the paper with Mrs. Smith's words in it could bring it meat
B. the butcher would give the meat to it whenever he saw it
C. Mrs. Smith would pay for the meat it got from the butcher
D. a piece of paper could bring it half a pound of meat
5. At the end of the story, you'll find that _______.
A. the dog was clever enough to write on the paper
B. the dog dared not go to the butcher's any more
C. the butcher was told not to give any meat to the dog
D. the butcher found himself cheated（*act in a way that is not honest）by the clever animal
B． 阅读短文选择正确答案
Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.
In the early years, these schools were much alike （*similar）. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers or teachers.
In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.
As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.
Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with（涉及）special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.
oldest university in the US is _________.
A. Yale B. Harvard C. Princeton D. Columbia
the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.
A. those colleges and universities were the same
B. people, young or old, might study in the colleges
C. students studied only some languages and science
D. when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers
rn languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were ________.
A. Latin and Greek
B. Latin, Green, French and German
C. American history and German
D. French and German
knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.
A. everything that was known
B. law and something about medicine
C. many new subjects
D. the subjects that interested students
the whole, the passage is about___________.
A. how to start a university
B. the world-famous colleges in America
C. how colleges have changed
D. what kind of lesson each college teaches
VI. 完形填空
A
Miss Richards was a teacher at a school for boys and girls. She 1 chemistry and physics from the lowest to the highest classes in the 2 . Sometimes the new classes 3 rapidly, but sometimes they were very 4 , and then Miss Richard's had to 5 things many times.
One year, the first class had been studying chemistry for several 6 when Miss Richards suddenly asked, "What is water? Who knows? 7 up?"
There was silence （沉默） for a few seconds, and Miss Richards felt saddened （难过）, but then one boy 8 his hand.
"Yes, Dick?" said Miss Richards encouragingly （鼓励地）. He was not one of the brightest children in the class, so she was 9 that he could answer.
"Water is a liquid which has no 10 until you wash your hands in it, Miss. Then it turns black," the boy replied with great confidence （信心）.
1. A．teaches B．teaching C．taught D．teach
2. A．schooling B．school C．schools D．home
3. A．learned B．learning
C．had been learned D．were learned
4. A．slow B．being slow C．slowly D．slowest
5. A．repeated B．repeating C．do D．repeat
6. A．years B．minutes C．weeks D．seconds
7. A．Put B．Hands C．Get D．Look
8. A．lows B．ride C．raised D．put
9. A．sad B．glad C．angry D．hungry
10. A．colour B．colourful C．colourless D．with colour
B
Mr. Wang teaches English in a middle school. He likes his work very much. He wanted 1 a teacher even when he was a young boy.
There are six classes in a school day at Mr. Wang's middle school. Mr. Wang teaches five of these six classes. 2 his "free" hour from 2 to 3 in the afternoon, Mr. Wang 3 meet with parents, check students' homework and 4 many other things. So Mr. Wang works hard from the moment he gets to school early in the morning until he leaves for home late in the afternoon, and his "free" hour is not free at all.
In his English lesson, Mr. Wang sometimes teaches poems （诗）. He likes poems very much, and he likes Li Bai's poems 5 of all.
In his fifth class today, Mr. Wang taught a poem. He wrote the poem on the blackboard and read it. As soon as he finished 6 the poem, the students began to ask questions. He answered all the questions. Then he asked his students to talk about the poem. 7 one wanted to stop when the bell rang.
8 home, Mr. Wang thought about the fifth class. He was happy about what he did as a teacher. Every one of his students 9 the poem. When they started to talk, they forgot about the time. He did not have to make them 10 . He only had to answer their questions and help them understand the poem.
1. A．was B．being C．to be D．be
2. A．In B．At C．To D．On
3. A．has to B．has C．able to D．will
4. A．take care for B．care of C．take care of D．be careful of
5. A．better B．good C．well D．best
6. A．reading B．to read C．read D．doing
7. A．Not B．No C．Have no D．Any
8. A．By the way B．To his way C．On his way D．In the way
9. A．liked B．asked C．had D．wanted
10. A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．leant
V．书面表达
（安徽省2002年中考题）
安徽省黄山联合国教科文组织定为世界文化遗产，假设外国友人到你校参观后，准备去旅游，请你根据以下要点向为国人简单介绍黄山（the Yellow Mountain）：
1. 位于安徽南部，是中国著名的旅游胜地。每年有大批的中外游客前去旅游观光。
2. 乘车去大约要花3小时，也可乘火车或飞机去。
3. 登山便可领略其云海（the sea of clouds）、奇松（wondrous pin）、怪石…
要求：
1. 字数80词左右。
2. 请不要逐字翻译。
【试题答案】
I．1. except 2. fast 3. in / at 4. nearby
5. far behind 6. for 7. This is 8. enough
II. 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D
10. B 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. C
III. A. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D
B 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C
IV. A 1. C 2. B 3.A 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. B
10. A
B 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A
10. C
V.
The Yellow Mountain is one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. Every year thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists visit there. It’s not far from here. It takes about three hours to get there by bus. You can also go there by train or by plane. While you are climbing the mountain, you can enjoy the sea of clouds, wondrous pines and unique rocks around you. In the early morning when the sun rises, the sky looks very beautiful. It’s really a nice place to visit.
